Problems In The Philippines And Its Causes Essay

III. Conclusion A. Restated thesis statement. B. Summary of poverty and its causes.Poverty is caused by the following factors: corruption, overpopulation, lack of education, and unemployment. Introduction Poverty is a state or condition in which a person or community lacks the financial resources and essentials to enjoy a minimum standard of life and well-being that’s considered acceptable in society. –Investopedia. (2014). â€Å"Terms beginning with P† p.4 Poverty is one of the major problems in the Philippines which should be solved. Because of poverty, people suffer from hunger and people live on the streets. â€Å"There is Bec, a 56-year-old visually impaired worker at the Department of Education central office, who was tutored at a young age by SPED-trained teachers Gerardo Consolacion and Ricardo Monegro. The focused mentoring helped her cultivate a love for learning as she eventually earned her Bachelor of Arts degree from the Central Philippine University in Iloilo City. For over 30 years now, she has devoted her life preparing Braille materials for visually-impaired students in public schools. There is also 54-year-old farmer Bert of Sierra Bullones, Bohol whose lack of education was no hindrance to his dream of a better life for his family. His desire to familiarize himself with various farming techniques led him to participate in the training programs provided by the Department of Agrarian Reform (DAR) and other agencies. The various training Bert attended cultivated his preference for fertilizer from animal manure over the costlier chemical-based alternatives. He has, since then, used and advocated for organic farming in Bohol. These are people who, despite the hardship brought by destitution and disability, refused to use illegal means to survive and instead made themselves available for service to the country in their own little way. They are people who played by the government’s rules – the rule of law – and benefited in return. There is a term for it, and it is called â€Å"trust.† It is the acknowledgment that social mobility is possible through the coordinated efforts of government and civil society. The book, by virtue of inherent limitations in form and volume, fails to document the thousand other Filipinos fighting  their way through bureaucratic hurdles and â€Å"falling through the cracks.† Then again, that is not what the book is for. It makes no mention, for instance, of those on the opposite side of the spectrum: people who have abandoned all hope. This is precisely because the stories featured are meant to build trust and a resolve to overcome poverty.† –Bernal. B. (2013). 18 stories of Filipinos overcoming poverty. This is a story about Filipino citizens who are trying to overcome poverty through their hardships. Most Filipinos are trying to find a way out of poverty. Filipinos are known as hard workers and dedicated citizens. But it is not enough. The government should also help to overcome poverty in the country. The government should be a model to its people. But it is not happening. The government is one of the reasons why there is poverty in the Philippines. Corruption is a cause of poverty in the Philippines. The government raises the tax and all the other expenses of the people but do not use the money for the benefit of the people. They use the money for the benefit of their own. They keep it for themselves and tell the people that they worked for the money they have. Corruption leads to poverty in a way that the people’s money is being kept and used by the people who are just using their position in the government to be rich. All they care about is their selves. They do not care about the people suffering because of what they are doing. Read more:  Problems in the Phillipines â€Å"Former President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo of the Philippines was arrested Thursday afternoon on corruption charges related to allegations of misuse of $8.8 million in state lottery funds during her administration.† –Floyd W. (2012). Philippines Ex-President Is Arrested in Hospital on New Charges. This news tells that even the highest official can do corruption. This is one of the reasons why there is poverty in the Philippines. The officials are not honest to the people of their country. They keep the money of the people for their own and let the people suffer. They use their power to flee themselves from the consequences that should be given to them. They are  stealing from their people. They should be punished and suffer from the same thing that the people are experiencing because of what they have done. All they think about is their selves. They do not care whether they are making other people suffer. What matters to them is they should be able to do what they want to do. Another cause of poverty in the Philippines is overpopulation. People do not plan on what they want to do with their future families. They do not plan on how many kids the want to have and can support all through their lives. What happens is they make babies, more babies, and then afterwards they won’t have any money left to buy food for their family. So every member of the family suffers. â€Å"Most developing nations have large number of people who are illiterate, live below the poverty line and have little or no knowledge about family planning. Getting their children married at an early age increase the chances of producing more kids. Those people are unable to understand the harmful effects of overpopulation and lack of ignorance prompts them to avoid family planning measures† –Overpopulation. (2014). Nowadays, many teenagers are getting pregnant. Teenagers are getting curious about having sex at an early age that can cause overpopulation. Without planning on what their lives would be and how it will affect the community. â€Å"There are a lot of reasons as to why the Philippines is overpopulated. One reason, or I was able to think of, is Pre-Marital Sex. We learn from the Bible that sex before marriage is a sin and yet a lot of people do it. Some happens accidentally but some do it on purpose. Another cause of overpopulation is unprotected sex. Maybe one of the reasons as to why people do it is mainly just because of pleasure. Come to think of it, I ask myself ‘why do they do it when they know that it could actually lead to something bad?’ This is a cause of overpopulation because the child born was just mainly an accident. These couples did not want to have a child in the first place and that one child is a big contribution to the country’s population. Another main cause that hit me the most is those families on the  poverty level still manage to get a child when they already have fiver or even more to take care of. They keep on making children when they know themselves that they are only limited to a number.† – Whang. C. (2012). Overpopulation in the Philippines. Pre-Marital Sex is caused by lack of education when it comes to sexual education. Lack of education is another cause of poverty. Most children have no opportunity to study. They can’t go to school because they have no money and no one is helping them, especially the government. If they do not study, they won’t be able to get a job in the future. And then they will suffer again from the same problem, poverty. If the children will not learn anything especially the lessons about pre-marital sex, there is a big chance that they will try it at an early age out of curiosity. â€Å"The biggest cause of overpopulation in the Philippines is the lack of education. People there don’t have the knowledge on how to use contraceptives. The big and powerful Roman Catholic Church (which basically controls the country) disapproves of any form of sexual education and birth contraceptives. This explains the lack of sexual education and the government constant refusal to provide free birth control for its citizens.† –Anonymous. (N.D) The church disapproves to sexual education which is why the children have a lack of knowledge when it comes to sexual intercourse. Sex education somehow must be taught to children when they are already at the right age for them to know the effects of pre-marital sex. â€Å"Unemployment creates a lack of financial stability, leading to a downwards spiral in social mobility and eventually poverty. The unemployed will have a lower standard of living than most employed people. Lack of a regular income leads to the inability to be able to maintain the basic needs, including fundamental provisions such as eating healthy foods, buying into health care and providing adequate heating for the home. While there are many types of poverty, the reasons behind poverty are always a lack of money. It is possible to live in poverty even with employment. A low paid worker may  suffer much the same hardships.† –Anonymous. (N.D) When a person is unemployed, he will have no income to earn for himself. Being employed is a very important way to prevent poverty. When you are employed, you are going to earn money. You will be able to supply all your needs in everyday life. Unlike the unemployed persons, they cannot supply themselves with all their needs. Unemployment leads to poverty because when a person has no job, he will have no money to buy food and no shelter to live in, he will have to depend on the help coming from other people. References Bernal. B. (2013). 18 stories of Filipinos overcoming poverty. Retrieved from http://www.rappler.com/move-ph/22936-18-stories-of-filipinos-overcoming-poverty Floyd W. (2012). Philippines Ex-President Is Arrested in Hospital on New Charges. Retrieved from http://www.nytimes.com/2012/10/05/world/asia/philippines-ex-president-arrested-in-hospital-on-new-charges.html?_r=0 Investopedia. (2014). Terms beginning with â€Å"P†. p.4. Retrieved from http://www.investopedia.com/terms/p/?page=4 Overpopulation. (2014).Retrieved from http://www.conserve-energy-future.com/causes-effects-solutions-of-overpopulation.php Whang. C. (2012). Overpopulation in the Philippines. Retrieved from http://catherinewhang12.blogspot.com/2012/09/overpopulation-in-philippines.html Anonymous. (N.D). What are the causes of over population in the Philippines? Retrieved from http://www.answers.com/Q/What_are_the_causes_of_over_population_in_the_Philippines Anonymous. (N.D) How does unemployment lead to poverty? R etrieved form http://www.ask.com/world-view/unemployment-lead-to-poverty-446388fca79c3879

An Analysis of Marriage in Pride and Prejudice Essay

Nearly two centuries after Jane Austen penned Pride and Prejudice to paper the attribute that most grabs your attention is the wonderful familiarity found in the characters. You know these people. You are already acquainted with these characters because you see mirrored in Austen’s characters the very men and women you come into contact with every day. You yourself have lived through the similarities of relationships such as those that come to life within the pages of this novel. This is all too familiar territory. Pride and Prejudice is simply a look at marriage and elationships as they actually were in Jane Austen’s society, a view that still holds true today. Of the five main marriages presented in this novel each relationship is unique yet realistic. These five marriages have their own contrasting qualities which reveal some insight into the thoughts and opinions of Austen on the subject of marriage and relationships. Clearly Jane Austen views the marriage between Jane Bennet and Mr. Bingley as one of two examples of a successful relationship. Austen expresses this opinion through Elizabeth in Chapter 55 of Pride and Prejudice by writing: â€Å"Elizabeth really believed all his [Mr.  Bingley] expectations of felicity, to be rationally founded, because they had for basis the excellent understanding, and super-excellent disposition of Jane, and a general similarity of feeling and taste between her and himself. † (328) However, Austen does see a minor flaw in their relationship. She points out that both characters are too good hearted and too trusting to ever act strongly against anything. (Douthan, 3) Also found in Chapter 55 of this novel, Austen writes of this situation through Mr.  Bennet stating: â€Å"You are each of you so complying, that nothing will ever be resolved on; so easy, that every servant will cheat you; and so generous, that you will always exceed your income. † (329) The union between Lydia Bennet and Mr. Wickham is a portrayal of a poor marriage. The foundation of their marriage is solely based on appearances, youthful exuberance and vanity. Their marriage is based on a foundation that crumbles once these qualities are no longer visible in one by the other. This becomes apparent when the relationship begins to slowly fade. Lydia and Mr.  Wickham’s marriage gradually becomes â€Å"indifferent† and Lydia becomes a regular visitor at the homes of her two elder sisters when â€Å"her husband was gone to enjoy himself in London or Bath. † (366) Clearly Austen illustrates through this example that marriages which are hastily planned and are based on shallow qualities often lead to unhappiness. Even though there is little said as to how Mr. Bennet and Mrs. Bennet met and became married, it can be gathered by their various conversations that their relationship may have been similar to that of Lydia and Mr. Wickham. One similarity between Mr. Bennet and Mrs.  Bennet’s relationship and the relationship of Lydia and Mr. Wickham appears in the favoritism Mrs. Bennet shows toward Lydia. Mrs. Bennet’s comments regarding how she was once as lively as Lydia are further proof. (30) It can also be presumed that Mr. Bennet married a woman who he found to be sexually attractive without giving regard to her intelligence or their similarities in personality and compatibility. This is a fate that he evidently did not want to fall upon his daughters. His feelings on this are revealed with his comment to Elizabeth in Chapter 20 when he addresses her regarding the proposal of Mr.  Collins and Elizabeth’s decision to refuse this proposal. In this occurrence Mr. Bennet tells Elizabeth â€Å"An unhappy alternative is before you, Elizabeth. From this day you must be a stranger to one of your parents. Your mother will never see you again if you do not marry Mr. Collins, and I will never see you again if you do. † (109-10) With this occurrence Austen divulges her stance, giving reason to believe she feels it is necessary to use good judgment when selecting a spouse and provides insight into her feelings about true love and its place in a successful marriage. Another marriage found in Pride and Prejudice, quite different in nature that the other marriages of this novel, is the marriage between Charlotte Lucas and Mr. Collins. Theirs is a marriage based on economics rather than emotions or appearance. Austen successfully portrays Charlotte as many women of Austen’s time period were, as one who believed that she had to marry to gain financial security even at the risk of being miserable. (Pemberley. com) Inequality between genders appears to be embellished somewhat by Austen and gives the idea that those women who submit themselves to this type of marriage often times will suffer in painful silence. A tormented silence that Austen points out Charlotte experiences in Chapter 28: â€Å"When Mr. Collins said any thing of which his wife might reasonably be ashamed, which certainly was not unseldom, she [Elizabeth] involuntarily turned her eye on Charlotte. Once or twice she could discern a faint blush; but in general Charlotte wisely did not hear. † (154) With this statement Austen reveals Charlotte’s silent misery and furthermore gives credibility to the idea that her marriage was not based on mutual feeling and admiration. The last example of marriage is that of Elizabeth Bennet and Mr.  Darcy. Theirs is a relationship that unveils the attributes that form a truly successful marriage and the second such marriage of this novel. One of these attributes is the absence of prejudice in a relationship. The development of the relationship between Elizabeth and Mr. Darcy proves that feelings cannot be created due to appearances and must progress steadily between two people as they come to know one another. Elizabeth and Mr. Darcy were, at first, detached from one another due to their own initial prejudices that were formed up their first encounter. Austen, 13-14) Through time, however, they were given the opportunity to overcome their first impressions, understand one another and re-evaluate their feelings for the other. (Douthan, 2-3) Thus, the foundation of their successful relationship is a result of their mutual understanding and affords them a happy and lasting marriage. With the relationship between Elizabeth and Mr. Darcy, Austen exposes another attribute necessary in a succ essful marriage and that is the importance of taking the time to become fully acquainted with a person and being certain of your feelings and compatibility before marrying. These five marriages contribute to the idea that Jane Austen felt it takes time to build a foundation for a successful marriage and that any successful marriage should be based on mutual feelings, understanding and respect. Clearly, in Pride and Prejudice, Austen condemns the social elements of marriage that she found objectionable such as marriages that were impulsively entered in to as well as those based on superficial qualities and economic reasons, but she also described those relationships in a manner that was true to life. Sir Walter Scott said it best when he wrote these words about Jane Austen: â€Å"That young lady has a talent for describing the involvements of feelings and characters of ordinary life which is to me the most wonderful I ever met with. † (Bender, et. al. , 125-26) Perhaps this is why Austen’s characters seem to come alive to readers, this is not a story driven by agendas or politics; it is a story about people, drawn from true reality and one that commemorates all the chaotic details of real life and real relationships†¦ then and now.

A Journey Through The Golden Gates Of

Promise Essay, Research PaperA Journey Though the? Golden Gates? of PromiseGreat contention exists over the true promises of the? Golden Gates? in the United States. Discrimination occurs with different cultural groups, but for those immigrants permitted into the state, the chances are first-class. The Torahs and patterns established to command in-migration into the United States limit the sum of poorness that can be present in the state. Without these of import patterns and Torahs created by the United States Congress, ? cheap? labour would overmaster American citizen labour and take the state to an economic and societal calamity. Although the United States is frequently criticized for its constitution of in-migration Torahs and patterns during 1865 and 1930, these actions are really just.It seems that the people of China have received a batch sum of favoritism as they try to venture into the promise lands of the United States. Early favoritism of the Chinese is revealed when sing e arly Torahs and patterns of the United States towards in-migration. Not merely did Congress base on balls Torahs and limitations against Chinese but the attitudes of citizens towards the Chinese frequently led to tumults and resentment towards the immigrants geting from China.In the 1850? s, the California legislative assembly passed a series of anti-Chinese limitations. These limitations forbade Chinese Americans to inscribe their kids in public schools, to get married Whites, or to attest against Whites in the tribunal of jurisprudence. Some peculiar tribunal instances display the effects of this jurisprudence. A really disconcerting California tribunal instance determination in the 1850? s for the Chinese people is called Peoples vs. Hall. In August of 1853, George W. Hall, his brother, and their friend assaulted a Chinese mineworker in Nevada County. When Ling Sing, the Chinese adult male? s cousin, came to assist him, Hall shooting and killed Ling Sing. During the original test , Hall was found guilty of slaying charges and sentenced to decease. Hall appealed the determination to the California Supreme Court and he was acquitted because no white informants to the slaying were available. This logical thinking is supported by the California State Civil Practice Act ( under Section 394 ) that says no black, mulatto, or Indian can give testimony against white suspects in condemnable instances. The contention over this instance occurs non merely because of the obvious favoritism but because Chinese are non specifically referred to in the act and it is assumed that Indians and Asians belong to the same cultural group. Basically anyone who was non considered white was looked down upon by the American white population. # 8220 ; The word # 8216 ; white # 8217 ; has a distinguishable meaning, which ex vi end point, excludes black, xanthous, and all other colourss, # 8221 ; ( Beesley 123 ) . Chief Justice Hugh C. Murray, felt that the line had to be drawn, farthe r provinces, # 8220 ; the same regulation that would acknowledge them to attest, would acknowledge them to all the equal rights of citizenship, and we might shortly see them at the polls, in the jury box, upon the bench, and in our legislative halls, # 8221 ; ( Beesley 123 ) . The opinion of the Hall tribunal instance led to many violent tumults among white American citizens and Chinese immigrants. Another action taken to seek and acquire rid of the Chinese immigrants was the California Miner? s Tax of 1855. Its exclusive intent was to drive Chinese immigrants out of the excavation concern by taxing foreign mineworkers every month. Many Chinese spoke out about these patterns. ? When your honest authorities threw unfastened the district of California, the people of other lands were welcomed here to seek for gold and to prosecute in trade. The ship-masters of your well-thought-of state came over to our state, lauded the equality of your Torahs, extolled the beauty of your manners an d imposts, and made it known that your officers and people were highly affable toward the Chinese # 8230 ; . we trusted in your earnestness # 8230 ; .But alas! what times are these! ? when former sort rela-tions are forgotten, when we Chinese are viewed like stealers and enemies # 8230 ; ? ( Pun 589 ) .These atrocious Torahs and patterns towards Chinese in-migration led to many violent events. In 1871, a rabble of Whites invaded a Chinese vicinity in Los Angles and killed 21 occupants. A similar event occurred in 1876 that became know as the Truckee Raid. During this incident, whites torched a Chinese place and shooting its occupants when they fled into the streets. More episodes followed that were frequently instigated by the? Order of Caucasians? , hoods who openly advocated force. Groups such as the? Order of Caucasians? became common during this clip period and provoked Chinese favoritism. The early favoritism of Chinese immigrants is the foundation for the ulterior favoritis m that developed and shortly pertained non merely to Chinese immigrants but to all immigrants in general.In 1879, Congress passed a Chinese Exclusion Bill, giving in to coerce from anti-Chinese organisations and doing a trade with Western lawgivers who promised political favours. Subsequently, in 1882, Congress passed, and President Arthur signed the Chinese Exclusion Act. This act barred all Chinese immigrants from the United States for ten old ages, except pupils, merchandisers, and kids of Chinese-American citizens. Although this act was enacted, the Chinese already present in the United States, were ready and willing submit to the designs of white Americans: ? Their curiously cautiouss and nonaggressive character was shown in every line of industry # 8230 ; .Not the least of their good qualities appeared to be this inclination to mind their ain concern and steal off before the more aggressive Anglo-Saxon # 8230 ; .Several early perceivers and innovators praised their spirit of subordination to the jurisprudence in comparing with other and more anarchic immigrants # 8230 ; . # 8221 ; ( Coolidge 24 ) . In 1892, the exclusions were extended and they remained in topographic point until 1943. This peculiar exclusion act represented the first clip Congress had restricted in-migration and it marked the lone juncture in United States history that an cultural group was specifically singled out for exclusion. A head revenue enhancement was besides placed on each Chinese immigrant already present in the United States with the Chinese Exclusion Act taking to harsh attitudes from Chinese people towards the American authorities. The Chinese Exclusion Act is the foundation for the many cultural discriminatory Acts of the Apostless to follow covering with in-migration.In 1907, Theodore Roosevelt issued an executive order that forbade Nipponese to come in the United States from Mexico and Canada and so convinced Japan to deter its citizens from immigrating into the Uni ted States. The Gentlemen? s Agreement of 1907-8 ended the in-migration of Nipponese labourers to the United States by holding the Nipponese authorities garbage to publish passports to such individuals. This understanding besides said that the United States should halt favoritism against the Japanese. The Gentleman # 8217 ; s Agreement did let married womans to fall in their hubbies if they were already in America. Since the overpowering figure of Nipponese in the United States in 1907 were males, the understanding led to a rush in legal in-migration of females, who were frequently married by # 8220 ; proxy # 8221 ; in Japan to hubbies who chose married womans on the footing of images sent from the female parent state to America. The Gentlemen? s Agreement displays the favoritism towards Nipponese immigrants the beginning of general in-migration.The California Alien Land Acts of 1913 and 1920 affects merely Asians besides. The people most affected by this act are Nipponese husban dmans because it bars them from having land. Peoples affected by the California Alien Land Act are those # 8220 ; ineligible to citizenship # 8221 ; ( Asiatic immigrants ) who were non allowed to have or rent # 8220 ; existent belongings # 8221 ; ( land ) unless a United States pact provided otherwise. The effect was that Nipponese immigrants were non allowed to have farms in California. Most of the provinces west of the Mississippi River enacted similar Torahs shortly after. Harmonizing to these Torahs, if an foreigner non eligible to citizenship tested to rent or have agricultural land, the trade was considered void and the land became the belongings of the State. The Alien Land Laws were justified as a agency of protecting white husbandmans while at the same clip know aparting against the Nipponese immigrants because it left more land available for white husbandmans.In 1917, Congress established the Asiatic Barred Zone, closing off the flow of emigres from a part that encompa ssed non merely China, but besides Japan, Korea, India, Indochina, East Indies, Polynesia, parts of Russia, Arabia, and Afghanistan besides. This act was enacted to seek and ease the tenseness originating between American citizens and the reaching of many Asiatic immigrants. When this act was being created, the Asiatic Exclusion League demanded the exclusion of Koreans because they are the 3rd ample group from the Far East. Together, the limitations on Chinese, Nipponese, and Koreans excluded virtually all Asians who wanted to come to the United States. The Barred Zone Act made it about impossible for the in-migration of Indians to happen, although pupils, bookmans, curates of faith and merchandisers could come in and remain sometimes. As Sucheng Chan stated, # 8220 ; Stereotypes of Asiatic immigrants as drudgery, degraded, and servile people # 8211 ; so, practical slaves # 8211 ; notwithstanding, members of every Asian immigrant group did stand up for their rights and fought sub jugation in a myriad of ways # 8221 ; ( 81 ) . The favoritism of different cultural groups grows as new Acts of the Apostless and patterns are enacted doing more uproar between immigrants and non-immigrants.Immigrants frequently ran into problem when seeking to get married due to patterns of the United States. In 1880, the California Civil Code was amended to forbid inter-racial matrimonies between a white individual and a? Negro, Mulatto, Mongolian, and individuals of assorted blood. ? Again, the term? white? was interpreted slackly and hence, everyone that was non genuinely Caucasic was non considered to be white. The Expatriation Act of 1907 provided that an American adult female, naturalized or native born, who marries a alien loses her citizenship. This jurisprudence angered many adult females and was enforced to seek and cut down on the figure of immigrants come ining the state. Many adult females, although non involved straight with this act, found it to be corrupt. # 8220 ; Her right to stay a citizen or go one, to vote or exert other political fringe benefits of American citizenship, to shack in the United States without menace of exile or exile, to come in certain businesss, to re-enter the state after an absence abroad, to bask the protection of the U.S. authorities while going outside the state, and to procure American citizenship for her kids was now entirely dependent on the citizenship of the adult male she wed? ( Bredbenner 60 ) . The steering premise of this act is that any adult female, who would voluntarily get married a alien, is no longer meriting of and no longer to be trusted with, United States citizenship. These Torahs and patterns of immigrant and non-immigrant matrimonies are detering because many citizens really gave up their function in the American society to be with person that they truly attention for. In that sense, the Torahs did non ever? acquire the best? of the immigrants. The construct of a individual giving up their cit izenship to an immigrant displays how pathetic the Torahs and patterns affecting in-migration truly are.During the old ages of 1880 and 1920, the? Great Migration? , more than 27,000,000 immigrants were brought to the United States? dirt. Western Europeans continued to get in North America, but they were eclipsed by peoples from the Southern and Eastern parts of the continent. Before this? Great Migration? , ( 1850-1880 ) more than 200,000 Chinese, 90 % of them male, sailed across the Pacific Ocean and settled in California, Colorado, and other Western districts. Equally good as being a beginning of labour, these foreign people bring thoughts, theories, stuffs, and enrapturing new nutrients with them as they walk through the? Golden Gates. ? A whole new universe is revealed for the United States as these foreign human existences arrive on the American land. As more immigrants travel to the promise lands, more diverseness begins to happen. A society with a great trade of diverseness is frequently more likely to be acceptable to the new people because it is much more hard to individual out specific civilizations and cultural groups when such a assortment is present. The thoughts and imposts introduced to the United States through in-migration is good to the civilization as a whole because it allows cultural diverseness to happen making a balanced society of people.In 1921, the first quantitative in-migration jurisprudence was adopted to put impermanent quotas harmonizing to nationality. This jurisprudence, known as the Quota Act of 1921 put a ceiling on in-migration, leting each cultural group to turn each twelvemonth by 3 % of its population in 1910. The act established a annual ceiling of 357,000 immigrants from outside the Western Hemisphere. This quota jurisprudence applied to all immigrants from Europe, the Middle East, Africa, Australia, New Zealand, and certain islands in the Atlantic and Pacific. In 1924, Congress enacted the Johnson-Reed Act ( National Origins Act ) which cut the overall ceiling 151,000 immigrants and decreased each annual nationality quota to 2 % of its per centum of the United States population as recorded in 1890. The act froze out Asiatic immigrants but exempted the quotas with Canada and Mexico because they were the 2 environing states and it was best to maintain peace with them. This act in 1924 is the first lasting in-migration quota jurisprudence to of all time be established in American history. It created a penchant quota system, non-quota position, consular control system, and the Border Patrol. The one-year quotas of the 1924 act were eventually made permanent in 1929. Immigrants from northern and western Europe are considered extremely adaptable and more likely to # 8220 ; fit in # 8221 ; with Americans than immigrants from Southern and Eastern Europe are. Immigrants from Britain, Germany and Ireland were assigned generous quotas. The quotas for states such as Russia, the beginning for most Judaic i mmigrants, and Italy were cut back. Practically all Asians were barred from come ining the United States. The quotas set up erectile dysfunctions covering with in-migration are really of import because, without them, the United States would go overpopulated and it would easy deteriorate. If Congress did non make the quota Torahs as a manner to command who is allowed to come in the state, it would go forth the magnificent? Golden Gates? unfastened to anyone who wanted to come in the promise land. It is insane to even see allowing everyone of every ethnicity into the United States because the consequences would be lay waste toing for the American society. American citizens frequently criticize that the quota Torahs discriminate towards different cultural groups, but, in world, it is common sense to prefer allowing immigrants into the state that are more likely to? suit in? with the civilizations being practiced already. Diversity is good and it is fantastic that the United States realizes this point. Congress allows a certain figure of immigrants from each foreign state to come in the United States. The sta tes that contain more intellectually educated people are much more welcome in the United States because they are the people who will most likely benefit the society and economic system. Having unskilled immigrants invade the United States leads to cheap labour and, hence, the citizens already present in America will lose occupations. The Southern Railroad Company is an illustration of this. This peculiar railway hired Chinese to assist put track but they were resented by Whites because they accepted lower rewards. It is really logical for an employer to engage an immigrant who will work for low wage instead than a citizen who wants to gain more money. The quota Torahs helped forestall the whole thought of inexpensive labour in the United States. Although it did happen, without the quota Torahs present, the United States will shortly happen itself in complete poorness and hurt. Another act that is frequently considered controversial is the Immigration Act of 1917. This act stated that all immigrants older than 16 of age had to show literacy in one linguistic communication. It does non count in which linguistic communication the immigrant demonstrates this cognition. Peoples such as Roosevelt felt strongly about these types of actions by Congress, ? We have room in this state for but one flag, the Stars and Stripes? We have room for but one trueness, trueness to the United States? We have room for but one linguistic communication, the English linguistic communication? ( Day and Day 27 ) . This act is merely another manner for Congress to seek and better the United States by leting literate immigrants to come in instead than immigrants who are non highly intelligent.Congress really had sympathy for the many immigrants that wanted the chances of the United States. In 1903, the Pensionado Act was developed. This act was important because it allowed Filipino pup ils the chance to analyze in the United States. The instruction in the United States is far more advanced than that of the Philippines. In 1900, Congress enacted the Foraker Act, which granted Puerto Rico a modicum of local authorities. Under these conditions, Puerto Ricans are subjects, non citizens, like modern-day Filipinos. In 1917, President Woodrow Wilson signed the Jones-Shafroth Act. This jurisprudence gave Puerto Ricans U.S. citizenship. The Jones Act separated the Executive, Judicial, and Legislative subdivisions of Puerto Rican authorities, provided civil rights to the person, and created a locally elected bicameral legislative assembly. The 2 houses were a Senate consisting of 19 members and a 39-member House of Representatives. However, the Governor and the President of the United States had the power to blackball any jurisprudence passed by the legislative assembly. Besides, the United States Congress had the power to halt any action taken by the legislative assembly i n Puerto Rico. The U.S. maintained control over financial and economic affairs and exercised authorization over mail services, in-migration, defence and other basic governmental affairs. Under this act, all Puerto Ricans are declared citizens unless they officially reject that position. Overall, the United States was really sympathetic for immigrants and granted them many rights that would let them to stand out in life.Although Congress is considered to be rough with in-migration Torahs, they genuinely do care about the immigrants but they besides fear the consequences of excessively many immigrants in the United States. In 1924, Congress made all native-born American Indians citizens of the United States. This action by Congress is a immense measure for the American Indian population because, in 1887, the Dawes Act was truly the lone intimation that the Native Americans would hold a portion in the American society. The Dawes Act conferred citizenship on acculturated Indians non pop ulating on reserves, citizenship that many Western provinces and vicinities refused, in pattern, to acknowledge. Therefore, the given citizenship for Native Americans was a really of import portion of their Hunt for equality. In 1922, Congress passed the Cable Act which ended the prejudiced pattern of the Expatriation Act of 1907 except for those female citizens who married? foreigners ineligible to citizenship, ? ( Asiatic foreigners. ) The Cable Act was the more advanced signifier of an 1855 act that said residential foreign adult females who married American citizens were automatically citizens. Simply for protection grounds for immigrants, the Alien Contract Labor Laws of 1885,1887,1888, and 1891 prohibited immigrants from come ining the state to work under contracts made before their reaching. Despite unfavorable judgment that Congress receives for many in-migration Torahs, it is shown through these peculiar Torahs and patterns merely how willing Congress was to allow rights to different cultural groups.The commixture of cultural groups was considered a? runing pot. ? ? ? America is God? s Crucible, the great Melting Pot where all the races of Europe are runing and reforming! Here you stand, good common people, think I, when I see them at Ellis Island, here you stand in your 50 groups with your 50 linguistic communications and histories, and your 50 blood hates and competitions, but you won? T be long like that brothers, for these are the fires of God you? ve come to- these are the fires of God? God is doing the American? the existent American has non yet arrived. He is merely in the crucible, I tell you- he will be the merger of all the races, the coming demigod? ( Zangwill 37 ) . Although many people accept the theory of a? runing pot? , some Americans still disagree with this system. ? It is no solution for those who wish to take part in American life, and yet want to retain their cultural individuality? ( Jacobson 645 ) . Many people didn? t appreciat ion the construct that if conditions in a female parent state are bad plenty to desire to immigrate into another state that a individual is traveling to hold to give in a small. In this instance, giving up some of their civilization to conform more to the American civilization was merely one forfeit that was expected. The United States wants to assist out different cultural groups, but it is highly hard to assist out each group on an single footing and it is non logical to allow all immigrants the same rights because they come from different rational and cultural backgrounds with different involvements and outlooks.Congress developed many different ways to test who can come in the United States. These procedures are really of import in commanding the type of population that lives in the United States. In 1891, Congress created the Immigration and Naturalization Service, otherwise known as the INS. This service was developed to administrate federal Torahs associating to the admittanc e, exclusion, and exile of foreigners and the naturalisation of foreigners legitimately shacking in the United States. The INS was required to implement the Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882, the Contract Labor Law of 1885, and the Immigration Act of 1891. In 1875, a jurisprudence that prohibited entry of cocottes and inmates established direct federal ordinance of in-migration. The authorities of the United States saw these types of people as a danger to the state. In 1892, the INS opened up an in-migration testing station at Ellis Island in New York Harbor and claimed this to be the INS central office. Sing Ellis Island was astonishing for most immigrants: ? I remember seeing the Statue of Liberty for the first clip and it was the greatest bang. It was a really clear, sharp twenty-four hours in February. And it was such a bang that it? s difficult to depict? ( Coan 207 ) . More than 12,000,000 immigrants underwent in-migration processing or detainment at Ellis Island from January 1, 1 892 until November 12, 1954.Congress is seeking really hard to test immigrants come ining the United States so that lone immigrants that can lend positively will be allowed entryway by set uping an orderly method of make up ones minding which immigrants could remain and which immigrants would non be allowed to stay in the United States. The Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882 is an illustration of testing immigrants because it barred inmates, the insane, and the cognitively disabled from come ining the United States. In 1893, the United States authorities made it a demand that steamer companies had to enter in manifests the critical statistics of all riders aboard that peculiar ship. Many people were involved with this technique of testing immigrants. An immigrant inspector was given the undertaking of verifying the information on the manifest sheets and was given the power to alter or simplify immigrant names. Many times the names of immigrants were either shortened or replaced with more ? Americanized? names. This made it non merely easier on the inspectors to place different immigrants but it besides made it easier for the immigrants to? suit in? with the people populating in America. Immigrants seeking to come in the United States have to demo their money to inspectors to turn out that they are non paupers. Equally controversial as this issue seems to be, it is really logical for the authorities to desire immigrants to hold some money. As the immigrants venture out into the new lands, the United States hopes that they will be able to pass some money in America and assist the state to thrive. In 1906, cognition of the English linguistic communication was made a basic demand for immigrants. Congress felt that if an immigrant was traveling to come to America, that it would be necessary for that individual to cognize English so that endurance in the New World would non be so hard. Legislation excluded all mentally handicapped individuals, paupers, and those who might go public charges. It excluded those enduring from a contagious disease, every bit good as those convicted of a felony, an crying offense, or a misdemeanour affecting a moral depravity. Anarchists were added to the list of unacceptable foreigners in 1903. In 1907, Congress passed a jurisprudence excepting immigrants with physical disablements or mental defects that might impact their ability to gain a life. The United States authorities was really concerned for these immigrants? public assistance and did non desire to see them come in the state and stop up in poorness. The same jurisprudence besides barred those immigrants that had TB and kids unaccompanied by their parents. After 1907, immigrants had to show their physical wellness during a thorough medical scrutiny. In 1924, the Immigration Bureau made immigrants registry with the authorities and gave them paperss that described their legal position. The Immigration Bureau has been a portion of the Department of Labor since 1913. This really of import Immigration Bureau set up the Border Patrol which is made up of 400 recruits who are trained in jurisprudence, probe techniques, fingerprinting, jujutsu, the usage of pieces, and tracking and draging. These are all really of import Torahs and patterns established by the United States Congress as a manner to cover with the enormous figure of people who crave in-migration into America. Each act is enacted for different grounds but in general, if Congress sits back and does nil about this haste of immigrants to America, our state will crumple and, non merely will immigrants suffer, but besides the citizens that have already gained their rights to be here will be devastated. It is non just to make that to the American citizens. Although many immigrants find it to be know aparting towards their specific cultural group, when analysing the construct of showing, it is really apparent to see why Congress has developed more Torahs. The United States authorities is non n escient ; they merely want what is best for the state. If maintaining the American citizens secure with an economic system of prosperity and a society of felicity is non considered carnival, so justification for these Acts of the Apostless and patterns can non be described. A state filled with hoods, cocottes, and unskilled people benefits the state in no manner and therefore the intelligent United States of America authorities use their power to make systems to assist avoid this awful hereafter from happening.Laws and patterns established by the United States towards in-migration during 1865 and 1930 are really just despite the contention and unfavorable judgment that exists over this issue. Discrimination occurs with different cultural groups but for those immigrants permitted into the state, the chance to stand out in life is first-class. The Torahs and patterns established to command in-migration into the United States limited the sum of poorness that can be present in the state . Besides, the state # 8217 ; s authorities is looking out for the best involvement of American citizens by non leting stupid, unskilled, thugs into the state. Without these of import patterns and Torahs created by the United States Congress? cheap? labour would overmaster American citizen labour and take the state to an economic and societal dislocation. No inquiry exists that the Torahs and patterns established by the United States towards in-migration do so know apart certain cultural groups but, in order for the state to keep a stable and organized society, the actions of Congress are necessary. These patterns and Torahs offer immigrants an chance to break their lives merely by walking through the? Golden Gates. ? The Statue of Liberty abundantly symbolizes hope for immigrants, ? Give me your tired, your hapless, your huddled multitudes hankering to take a breath free, the deplorable garbage of your pullulating shore. Send these, the homeless, tempest-tost to me, I lift my lamp beside the aureate door! ? ( Lazarus 42 )361

Web page wording Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Web page wording - Essay Example g wide-ranging creation services including web design, graphics design creation and implementation of printing , covering wide aspects of advertising, corporate image, branding, and marketing development. With this goal in mind, we’ve produced many aesthetic-appealed designs. Yet, we’ll never compromise on quality and the commitment that we offer to our clients to provide the desired outcome. Thus, we keep moving toward growth and beyond, delivering the simplest yet most fruitful solutions to your marketing communication needs. Additionally, with our assistance, your  website will also potentially rank higher as compared to your competitors bringing in more sales and leads to you! This website comprises of a collection of web pages that are manually connected. Minimal scripting and HTML coding are used for this site. The hypertext or HTML files are then stored on a server, as per the clients requirements. If any changes are made later, the hypertext files are required to be changed, saved and uploaded again to your server. Brochure type website is effective when its only purpose is to act as a display platform for your products or services. This kind of website is idyllic for small organizations, beginners and businesses that have a less diversity of products and services. So if you dont need regular updates for your website, this is the best option for you! Just because your website is static, it doesnt have to be dull and lifeless. We have one of the most creative design team that can deliver stunning websites which catches the attention and keep your visitors clicking on your links. For us every website is a blank new canvas and our designing team with their creativity makes it vibrant and spectacular. CMS stands for Content Management System and Drupal is the best open source application to develop CMS. It is used by some of the biggest sites like The Economist and The White House. If you are in need of Content Management and are looking for Drupal

Digital Technologies and Contemporary Patterns of Music Essay

Digital Technologies and Contemporary Patterns of Music - Essay Example The rapid growth in the digital music market has received a major boost from the ever-increasing popularity of various online music download stores such as various streaming services and iTunes. Modern music consumers are spoilt for options in the possible methods that are at their disposal through which they can be able to acquire new music. These sources range from a wide variety of several non-paid and paid legitimate sources to some other unlawful channels. The impact of the use of digital technology in music production and distribution and the subsequent impact on music consumption is a topic that has been seen to draw a wide variety of comments from several legal experts, pundits, scholars and the music industry (Halsey and Wooley 2009). Â  The traditional economic and social arrangements that used to surround the production and distribution of music are breaking down at an ever accelerating rate and markets are becoming more consolidated. This paper seeks to establish just how the use of these digital technologies can be seen to be impacting the modern consumer’s consumption of music. Â  Several decades before the advent and widespread use of the Internet, the music industry was seen to be relatively healthy and its worldwide sales were seen to peak considerably in 1998 (Baym, 2010). Since this peak, the spread of peer-to-peer (P2P) networks, such as Napster have greatly contributed towards the overall decline in the general sale of CDs. The monopoly that was being exercised by reproduction of high-quality reproductions was effectively eliminated with the digitization of music such that the illegal copies being reproduced were now being produced having equal quality standards to the original music (May 2007). Concomitantly, the production of intangible digitized music has resulted in the emergence of new consumption practices. Â  

Organizations draw specific and directive plans that are aligned to Essay

Organizations draw specific and directive plans that are aligned to specific and strategic objectives and goals - Essay Example An overall organizational analysis will yield substantial information that will help in understanding the strategies and their effectiveness in deriving the desired results. Hence, an analysis and evaluation of these strategies at various levels will be conducted. These would include an industry analysis, analysis of competitors and competition, analysis of strategic capabilities including resources, skills abilities etc, an analysis of Starbucks market position and its products’ success rates. These analyses will be carried out on the basis of established tools and techniques. Industry perspective: Despite its immense success and rigorous growth, Starbucks is experiencing increased pressure from various external forces. Through PESTEL analysis, the impact of these external forces namely, political, economic, social, technological, environmental and legislative entities can be assessed. Competition perspective: Competition always remains a rapidly growing threat for any busine ss. Hence, business owners need to be aware of the nature of these threats in order to remain sustainable in the market. Porter’s five force model helps in assessing the nature of competition. This model considers five forces namely, threat of substitutes, bargaining power of buyers, bargaining power of suppliers, threat of entry of new competitors and degree of rivalry between existing competitors. An analysis based on this model will give a comprehensive idea of the position of Starbucks and the direction and/or steps it needs to take in order to remain competitive. Capabilities perspective To sustain competitive position and grow, businesses require certain prerequisite attributes in their resources that are valuable, rare, inimitable and non-substitutable. These attributes together are referred to as the VRIN, and provide value-creating strategies. An assessment of the resources and capabilities of Starbucks on this model will provide a clear picture of its strengths and weaknesses. Market perspective: An organization that produces diversified products and services needs to be constantly assessed and evaluated for its products and services in comparison with the market. Such an analysis can be accomplished using the Boston Consulting Group (BCG) matrix in which businesses/product lines are categorized into four categories namely, question mark, star, cash cow, and dog. This tool shows products’ performance in terms of market share and market growth; thereby, it assists in managing specific business components in a manner that minimizes loss and maximizes profits. Recommendations and conclusions: Based on the analysis, recommendations for products/services that should be offered by Starbucks and the markets they should target will be proposed. Probable References Porter, M.E. 1979. How Competitive Forces Shape Strategy. Harvard Business Review. Hill, C and Jones, G. 2009. Strategic Management Theory: An Integrated Approach. 9th ed. OH: Cengage Learning. Kotler, P and Armstrong, G. 2003. Principles of Marketing. London: Prentice Hall. Silver, D. 2009. The Social Network Business Plan: 18 Strategies That Will Create Great Wealth. NJ: John Wiley and Sons. Zhang, W-B. 2010. Economic Growth and Gender Division of Labour with Creativity, Knowledge Utilization, and Capital Accumulation. In Rodrigues, S.

The European Union Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The European Union - Essay Example As relevant in any social scenario, when the disintegrated resources of different European nations united under one single label, it turned out to be mighty force in terms of economy and politics. The primary impact that the European Union has had on the global economy is that it has turned out to be a huge bargainer. This should be read together with the fact that whole of the European Union has a population of 500 million. This very fact makes it a huge consumer society. Contributing to the economic control this unified force can have, the consumer needs and the trade related issues of the whole European Union is controlled by a standardized and single window regulation system. This means that the every trade within the European Union will be controlled through a unified system of trade polices and laws. Considering these facts together, a unified demand of such a big population cannot be considered loosely by any business entity. Thus the European Union will have a great bargaining capacity. On the other side as far as the production is concerned, the European Union produced 30% share of the nominal gross world product in the last year. Thus in terms of production also, th e European Union becomes a vital force in the global market. This would highly influence the trade both bound inward and outward. The sourcing process so as to have the resources to maintain the high production level will distinguish the European Union as an important market. The importance as a vital force in global production and consumption thus would leave the European Union with the luxury to have control over competition. The unified regulations can very well check the possibilities of monopolistic economies and trade developing within its jurisdiction. The global giants will have to amend their business strategies as liked by the Union. As the economic system encourages highly the free movement of manpower, goods, capital and services

Biological Science Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Biological Science - Essay Example sult the transfer of heat from a cooler body to a hotter one.† (Jones) This law states that there cannot be energy gain in a system with out doing any work. In the universe there can’t be change inside any system with out doing any work. The third law states â€Å"It is impossible to reduce any system to absolute zero in a finite series of operations.† (Jones) It says there can’t be any system in this universe such that energy transfer does no take place. So the conclusion can be drawn is, the universe as such will not undergo the absolute zero and it will exist forever. Law of Conservation of Matter states that â€Å"During an ordinary chemical change, there is no detectable increase or decrease in the quantity of matter.†( Law of Conservation of Matter and Energy) This content the fact universe will remain constant that is, the matter in universe will be constant and there will not be any change in the amount of matter present. There could be changes taking place. The science has brought drastic change in human history and itself created a big history. There are constructive as well as destructive effects of science on society. The human beings are considered to be a sophisticated aspect in the world. And to live as group it requires lot of sense about what happening in the world. Starting from the old age, the hidden principal of life is being brought into action in a systematic manner and that’s what called as the effect of science on society. The culture and tradition follows the aspect of science. So as the inventions grow up, the human beings started practicing all sort of things in the world and created further enhancement on the existing concepts. Starting from the morning toothpaste to the mosquito coil in the night science is involved in every moment of life of an average person. Due to discovery by Newton that earth is round there were opposition for his invention which resulted in death of Newton. After serious of transformation Newton’s

Kant's Perpetual Peace Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Kant's Perpetual Peace - Assignment Example Therefore, he advanced an honorable approach to similar address factors. In the current world, nations have formed international treaties to cease tensions and guide resource allocation (Kant, 2007). The treaties like the Nile Treaty guide the equitable sharing water resources in the African Nations thereby reducing resource-driven conflicts. Besides, the Geneva Conventions promulgated in the year 1949 helped to cool the tension of the World War II. It described the fundamental rights of wartime captives and offered protection for the bordering people and the wounded thereby minimizing the prevalence of the war. Nations also formed treaties to combat global terrorism and enhance peaceful coexistence of the nations. The most notable include the Protocol for the Suppression of Unlawful Acts and Convention on Offenses and Acts Committed on Board Aircraft (Cassese, 2006). The treaties so far have protected citizens of various countries against acts of terrorism that can trigger incidence s of war. It is an approach borrowed from Kant’s Perpetual Peace framework. Kant also indicated that global peace shall arise if the worldwide community and neighbors respect the sovereignty of other nations. Respecting the independence of other nations, entail respect of the countries institutions and symbols of unity. These include the presidency, the national flag, and the constitutions. In addition, valuing the sovereignty of other nations include observance of the cultural heritage and non-interference.

Real Reason People Wont Change Essay Example for Free

Real Reason People Wont Change Essay The real reason people wont change is an article by Robert Kegan and Lisa Laskow Lahey. The article was first published in November 2001 in Harvard Business Review. The article describes and summarize about the personal immunity of people that resist them from being changed. The real reason people wont change is not due to lack of skill and deep commitment within them but it is due to hidden competing commitment followed by big assumptions. For some, the need is confidence-building, for others its behavior change or skill development. But sometimes, no matter how hard a person tries, their progress remains inexplicably stalled. The situation can be as frustrating to bosses, colleagues, and family members as it is to the individual. Organizational psychologists Robert Kegan and Lisa Laskow Lahey developed the theory of a competing commitment to explain what they term personal immunity to change. Competing commitments are long held belief that has become an integral part of their make up so that it is difficult to change. When these beliefs are uncovered, change is possible. And it is still true that some people opt not to disrupt their immunity to change, choosing instead to continue their fruitless struggle against their competing commitments. The competing commitments cause even the valued employee to behave in inexplicably and irremediable way. It is a subconscious hidden goal of the people that conflicts with their stated commitments. Many of these competing commitments are based on long-held beliefs that are an integral part of their make-up so they can be difficult to change. Some examples of competing commitments are: Dragging ones feet on an assignment because one wants to avoid a next tougher assignment or future lack of work. * Avoiding teamwork or meetings because one wants to avoid the conflict that is associated with it. * Using sarcastic disruptive humor to keep oneself at a distance from a work group you may not want to be associated with. The article is a psychological analysis and research about the reason that resist people from being changed. The research of the article is mainly concern about uncovering the hidden competing commitment and unearthing big ssumptions. It is not an easy task to uncover the hidden commitment but author has suggested to go through the set of questions. They have developed 3 stage processes to help organizations to figure out what’s getting on way to change? 1. Manager guides employees to uncover competing commitments through the set of questions. 2. Employees examine these commitments to determine underlying assumptions. 3. Start the process of changing behavior. The author presents the example of John who is a talented manager at a software company. Though he is an open communicative type and values close relationship with others, because of his racial group he could not well integrated with the team even if he wanted. He believed that if he became well integrated with the team, it would threaten his sense of loyalty to his own racial group betraying his family and friends. John was genuinely committed to working with team but he had a powerful hidden competing commitment keeping him distance. Another example cited in the article is that of Helen, a manager at manufacturing company. Though she was committed to increase the production of the product she could not succeed. She had an unrecognized commitment of maintaining subordinate relationship with her boss Andrew. She thought that she would me more a peer than a subordinate so wouldn’t be up to the task. The article also describes about the big assumptions. Every employee who just does not change had a hidden commitment because of the assumptions resulting from the competing commitment. Some leaders assume that they would be incompetent if they couldn’t solve all the problems that come up. Even if they have a commitment to hearing from subordinates and maximize the flow of information, they had a competing commitment to not learning about things that he cant do. Competing commitment and big assumptions are the real reason that causes people resist to change. Kegan and Laheys recommended solution for diagnosing this resistance to change is based on guiding individuals through a set of questions to uncover competing commitments. For example 1. What would you like to see changed at work, so that you could be more effective or so that work would be more satisfying? 2. What beliefs or commitments are implied by this recommended change? 3. What are you doing or not doing, that is keeping your beliefs or commitments to change from being fully realized? 4. What if you were to imagine doing the opposite of what you are currently doing, would that cause discomfort, worry or vague fear? 5. What if you were to actually carry out this opposite behaviour, what outcomes are you trying to prevent? The first question responses the complaint which we mostly talk about. Tom, a manager grumbled, â€Å"my subordinates keep me out of the loop. The responses are the complaint which the most managers bemoan because of its negative and unproductive tone. The second question responses complaint what people care about most. Tom said I believed in open and candid communication. It’s a commitment of the Tom to shared decision making. Once the commitments of people are found, third question is identifying the undermining behavior that prevented them from being fulfilled. Tom admitted â€Å"When people bring bad news, I tend to shoot the messenger. † Next question is about going in the opposition of the undermining behavior. Tom concluded Im afraid Ill hear about a problem that I cant fix, something that I cant do anything about. After all, the final step is to transform that passive fear into a statement that reflects an active commitment to preventing certain outcomes. The resulting answer to this final question is the competing commitment which lies at the very heart of a persons immunity to change. These commitments usually involve protecting yourself from things like, not being in control, having to follow someone elses decisions, having to go along with decisions you dont like, not having to deal with problems you cant fix and so on. Once people uncover their competing commitments, big assumption can be easily found out. If people inverted the beginning of the sentences of competing commitment, and then filled out the sentence then assumption can be identified. For e. g. the assumption of Tom is I assume that if I did hear about problems I can’t fix, people would discover I’m not qualified to do my job. This is a difficult process, and it doesn’t happen all at once, because admitting to big assumptions makes people uncomfortable. After identifying competing commitment and big assumptions, Kegan and Lahey had recommended five steps on how to take action to overcome immunity to change. Notice and record current behavior It is about making a note of what does and doesnt happen as a result of holding assumptions to be true. This gives people the opportunity to develop a better appreciation for how and in what contexts big assumptions influence their lives. Look for contrary evidence Employees must look actively for experiences that might cast doubt on the validity of their big assumptions. When John looked around him, he considered for the first time that an African-American manager in another department had strong working relationships with her mostly white colleagues, yet seemed not to have compromised her personal identity. Explore the history It is exploring how and when assumptions took hold, and how long the self-protective stance has been employed Test the assumption It considers making changes in ones behaviour and test out if assumptions are validated; practice in safe environments or where one can extricate oneself fairly quickly if it becomes too uncomfortable. This is the first time people consider making changes in their behavior. Evaluate the results The final step is to check out the result and look for more effective ways to operate in future. This is worth nothing that revealing a big assumption does not necessarily mean it will be exposed as false. But even if big assumption contains the elements of truth, an individual can often find more effective way to operate once he or she has had a chance to challenge the big assumption. The process of challenging and uncovering the competing commitment and unfolding personal immunity to change takes a period of time. Competing commitments should not be seen as a weakness but some form of self-protection which is a normal form of human instinct. The reasons people are protecting themselves usually lie in some deeply-rooted beliefs about themselves and the world around them. These competing commitments usually arise from some big assumptions we have made about the world. People rarely realize they hold assumptions because they accept them as reality. So its necessary to uncover our hidden commitment and big assumptions that has been distance us away from change.

What makes an effective learning environment in a Primary Classroom

What makes an effective learning environment in a Primary Classroom Education is the most important shared experience of our livesit is so important and so all pervasive that it is almost impossible to define (Aldrich, 1996) The role of the teacher is an ever changing one; however the proposed goals of teaching have always been the same in relation to bringing about intended learning goals from pupils of all abilities. Berliner (1978) suggests that the effective teacher is one who is able to demonstrate the ability to bring about intended learning goals, the two critical dimensions of effective teaching being intent and achievement. Without intent, the pupils achievements become random and accidental rather than controlled and predictable. The Oracle Study provided a framework for what its research concluded to be the traits of an effective teacher, a high number of interactions with pupils and higher level questioning required of pupils was just two of the behavioural patterns consistently displayed by effective teachers. Branching from the same study Rutter (1979) stated that for a teacher to be considered effective they should consistently give praise to pupils and hold them in high regards, which is especially important for younger pupils in terms of emotional development and self-efficacy. Rutter also pointed to the ability to provide stimulating educational programmes that would challenge pupils and which requires high expectations from them. Requiring high expectations from pupils is a theme that is common in the Hay Mcber Report (2000) which gives an insight on setting the attainment target high for the increase of motivation in pupils who may find their current level of work below their level. According to the report effective teachers set these high expectations of pupils and communicate them directly to the pupils in a clear and consistent manner so as to broaden their knowledge and interpretation of concepts. The teacher therefore must take into account the differentiation of a mixed ability group when setting such high standards so as to deal with the needs of the less able students, however the effective teacher must be relentless in their strive for high standards expected from all pupils regardless of differing and mixed ability. David Miliband MP during his role at the time as Minister for Schools stated that High expectation of every child, given practical form by high quality teaching based on a sound knowled ge and understanding of each childs needs. It is not individualised learning where pupils sit alone at a computer. Nor is it pupils left to their own devices which too often reinforces low aspirations. Setting such high expectations can also reverberate in a negative manner as it provides students with the need to compete with others in their class which will inevitably affect other pupils self esteem and create a competitive atmosphere in which some pupils will progress or fail under the pressure. Requiring such high expectations provides a counter-argument in relation to what Jean Piagets child development theories detailed. The basis of his philosophy was that all children are only capable to learn new concepts at set stages in which they reach at certain ages and that there are limits on their capacity to learn, meaning that pupils cannot be expected to conceptualize new ideas until they reach a certain stage as postulated by the theory of intellectual development. Alexander et al (1992) suggested that Piagetian theories about developmental ages and stages led to chronologically fixed notions of readiness which depressed expectations and discouraged teacher intervention. Jerome Bruner stated that it was possible for children to learn new concepts at any age in a suitable and intellectual manner. Unlike Piaget, Bruner postulated that learning derives from a pupils ability to actively engage with an interested adult through communication/speech and as such is renowned as a co nstructivist theorist. This model of learning takes a firm assumption that by using connected schemas, knowledge is gained, and that the child is an agent of their own learning. In contrast the transmission model oversees the teachers role as instructor in which the child is seen as a recipient of transmitted values from the teacher. The latter form of teaching is associated with more of a formal didactic model whilst the constructivist theory applies to a more open and active model of teaching. Although the latter theory may still be in its infancy it has proven challenging to develop any form of sustainable pedagogy deriving from its structure in which primary school teachers can use on a large class of 20-25 pupils. In relation to the former, Vygotsky has also given several applicable theories in connection to how children learn. Vygotsky (1978) first showed how speech can be a direct expression of thought, otherwise meaning that children at this particular age (3-7) find it help ful to develop conversational speech with themselves, what Vygotsky labelled as speech for oneself. Whilst Piagets view of this stage would be to explain the withering away and the progression of the next stage, Vygotsky suggested that this speech becomes internalised which develops into inner speech and lastly into internal thought. As Britton (1989) says, if speech in childhood lays the foundations for a lifetime of thinking the implication for pedagogy is enormous, and verbal communication should have a major role in classroom life, particularly at infant level. Vygotksy also postulated the theory involving the zone of proximal development. This refers to The gap that exists for children between what they can do alone and what they can do with help from someone more knowledgeable or skilled than themselves. Vygotsky emphasises the role of the social environment and how the role of the teacher is of vital importance, the effective teachers role to make the learning environment as interactive as possible and through language to lead children into new zones of proximal development (Edwards and Mercer 1989). The learning environment can also refer to the emotional environment that the school provides in ensuring that pupils feel valued and accepted for themselves, without this children will not feel sufficiently secure to take risks and make mistakes which are crucial in the creative process of learning, Mckellar (1957) explains that the arrangement of the physical space can aid concentration, create a mood conducive to creativity and increase motivation. In support of this Jean Piaget explains how interaction with the environment impacts upon progression in learning and it is only through individual interaction that progression will take place; he showed how it is the adults role to provide a stimulating environment and to identify the stage of development individual children have reached so that appropriate materials can be presented, rather than to actively intervene in the learning process. It is therefore the teachers responsibility to select a learning environment which will encour age curiosityto focus the pupils attention on enquiries which will lead to useful discovery (Learning styles and Inclusion p.98). The learning environment takes into account the people and the space in which pupils will progress and be nurtured, a purposeful learning environment is one in which children feel safe, cared for and relaxed. These similarities are summed up by the DFES who explained that an appropriate physical environment offers access to an outdoor as well as an indoor space and should provide a place where children have opportunities to explore, learn and develop with the support of sensitive and knowledgeable adults. Self-esteem can be a critical factor in determining how a child perceives themselves and others, high self-esteem can give a child a sense of security and competence and because esteem is all about perception it can change on a regular basis. The environment of the school and learning environment plays a pivotal role in harbouring self-esteem, the learni ng environment is a seriously underrated concept in the way it shapes pupils learning, for many pupils the learning environment is what is situated inside the classroom, however it can also refer to outside agents such as the library and the pupil home. In terms of behaviour in the classroom and the classroom environment, children cannot feel safe and secure if adults caring for them do not provide boundaries. Learning is thus considered to be significantly determined by an individuals self-esteem, self-belief, expectations and the quality of school-based relationships with adults and peers. These models support a transactional theory of learning as proposed by Vygotsky (1962) and implies that pupils and teachers need to develop appropriate affective, cognitive and social behaviours for effective learning to take place in school contexts. These boundaries that are to be provided take the shape of class rules which are to be enforced by the teacher and act as an important reminder to keep social contexts in order, however rules could hold a negative connotation as it creates a constricted feeling of powerlessness and conformity. The idea behind rules is to make the environment safe and consistent which is important in learning enviro nments. The teacher controls the flow of the classroom and will often use non-verbal language, even when not intentionally meaning to convey a message through non-verbal ways a smile to an individual pupil could increase their self-esteem more than that teacher will know, in contrast a fixed stare could have the desired effect on a misbehaving pupil and evoke a sense of shame. In contrast, the giving of rewards and punishments in a more physical manner can create a more conscious feeling within the pupils as it more obvious of how the teacher is reacting to their behaviour. Furthermore it is important to acknowledge that when discussing the behaviour that it does not simply apply to a pupil who is rated as good or bad but that it materializes into other concepts of a pupil who demonstrates being of a shy nature or who withdraws themselves from activities due to confidence issues. Teachers can sometimes contribute to the causes of bad behaviour. Unfairness, impatience and poor lesson preparation can create the conditions for resentment and discontent to occur. The end result is deterioration of the atmosphere, control problems and a negative impact on learning. When difficulties arise trainee and some experienced teachers tend to blame the children (Jacques 2007). Florian (2005) suggested that inclusive education is not a denial of individual difference, but it is an accommodation of it within the structures and processes that are available to all learners. Inclusion is an ever changing process rather than a sudden change and a process that will take time to achieve, all too often the term inclusion is often associated and linked with the term Special Educational Needs, however inclusion is a broad concept and takes into account not only pupils with special educational needs but those students with additional educational needs also, which may take into account pupils with social and economic issues and also pupils who exceed their set targets e.g. Gifted and Talented pupils. Great emphasis is placed on tailoring education to reflect childrens individual needs, interests and aptitudes. In order for children to thrive and to reach their full potential it is essential that they feel secure, valued and settled. Learning opportunities need to be pl anned that reflect the diverse learning needs of the pupils in the class. The national curriculum inclusion statement outlines how school will be able to alter the National Curriculum programme for the purpose of providing all students with substantial and suitably challenging work at each stage of learning. This statement acknowledges that schools have an accountability to ensure a broad and balanced curriculum is provided for all students. Although the National curriculum initially sets out a structure for teachers to enable them to know what pupils should know at each stage, all pupils need to experience success and achieve their individual potential. Pupils with learning difficulties are no exception, even though their individual potential may be different from others of the same age. Expecting all pupils always to do the same work means that some will find the task too easy, whereas for some the challenge will be about right. There will still be a significant group in any class that will not understand the task, and which will fail. If failure occurs regularly pupils stop caring and begin to lack motivation, become disillusioned and are more likely to be disruptive. It is a teachers responsibility to ensure that all pupils succeed, and a test of their professional skills is to modify activities and resources to that end. A childs sense of belonging in the school community is a vital element of inclusion; belonging is fostered by attitudes of staff and other pupils to individual difference and additional learning needs (Gray 2002). According to the DFES website a Pupils social development involves pupils acquiring an understanding of the responsibilities and rights of being members of families and communities and to work with others for the common good to display a sense of belonging and willingness to participate. They develop the knowledge, skills, understanding, qualities and attitudes they need to make an active contribution to the democratic process i n each of their communities. http://curriculum.qcda.gov.uk/key-stages-1-and-2/learning-across-the-curriculum/spiritual-moral-social-and-cultural-development/index.aspx. Published in 2005 the Every Child Matters paper documented 5 outcomes as being important to a childs well being in school and later in life. Two of the proposed headings were to Be Healthy and Enjoy and Achieve. These sums up of the true meaning of education, a child cannot learn to their potential unless they feel safe on an emotional and physical level and the effective teacher should ensure that every child reaches their full potential regardless of their ability in class.

Windows NT :: essays research papers

Windows NT Once a small and simple collection of computers run by the Defence Department, is now a massive world wide network of computers, what we call the 'Internet'. The word "Internet" literally means "network of networks." In itself, the Internet is composed of thousands of smaller local networks scattered throughout the globe. It connects roughly 15 million users in more than 50 countries a day. The World Wide Web (WWW) is mostly used on the Internet. The Web refers to a body of information, while the Internet refers to the physical side of the global network containing a large amount of cables and computers. The Internet is a 'packet-switching' computer network. When a person sends a message over the Internet, it is broken into tiny pieces, called 'packets'. These packets travel over many different routes between the computer that it is being sent from to the computer to which it is being sent to. Phone lines, either fibre-optics or copper wires ones, carry most of the data packets. Internet computers along the path switch each packet that will take it to its destination, but no two packets need to follow the same path. The Internet is designed so that packets always take the best available route at the time they are travelling. 'Routers' which are boxes of circuit boards and microchips, which do the essential task of directing and redirecting packets along the network. Much smaller boxes of circuit boards and microchips called 'modems' do the task of interpreting between the phone lines and the computer. The packets are all switched into a destination and reassembled by the destination computer. Today's Internet contains enough repetitious and interconnected circuits simply to reroute the data if any portion of the network goes down or gets overloaded. The packet-switching nature of the Internet gives it sufficient speed and flexibility to support real-time communication, such as sending messages to other people in a chat environment (IRC). Every packet is written in a particular protocol language, called TCP/IP, which stands for Transmission Control Protocol/Internetworking Protocol. This protocol is the common language of the Internet, and it supports two major programs called File Transfer Protocol (FTP) and Telenet. FTP lets the transfer files from one Internet computer to another. Telnet lets a person to log into a remote computer. They have combined these two tools in complex ways to create the Internet tools such as Gopher, the World Wide Web and IRC. Some collections of phone lines and routers are larger and more powerful than others. Spirit and MCI both have each built collections of phone lines and routers that crisscross the United States and can carry large amounts of data.

Sports Injury :: essays research papers

Alcohol use and behaviors in women long-distance race participants reporting a history of bulimia and/ or anorexia nervosa   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  women long-distance racers were more likely to report a past history of an eating disorder than the control population and that reported in the general population. We cannot say that running was responsible for the development of the eating disorder. It may be that running can prevent or control eating disorders. High achieving, disciplined, organized women with a history of an eating disorder may be attracted to long-distance running. The method of defining a case was based simply on the respondent replying affirmatively to the questions â€Å"Do you have a history or bulimia/† and/or â€Å"Do you have a history of anorexia nervosa?† This method of case definition is based on a history of such a disorder and does not necessarily reflect an active problem.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Researchers found that women reporting a past history of bulimia and a history of problem alcohol behavior as noted by other investigators and were more likely to report a biologic family member with a history of problem drinking. Even with their history of problem alcohol behavior, the runners reporting a history of bulimia did not differ from other runners or the control population in their drinking patterns in a recent two-week period. Total amount of alcohol consumed, occasions of drinking and occasions of binge drinking were not significantly different among any of the women. Researchers were unable to ascertain if running helped control alcohol consumption in a person prone to problem alcohol consumption in a person prone to problem alcohol behavior or if the decreased alcohol consumption predated the onset of running.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Those women reporting a past history of a mixed type of eating disorder, perhaps reflecting severity, ran more days of the week and more miles per week than other runners. These women also had the lowest weight and desired weight of any group. The drive for thinness is a hallmark of anorexia but anorexics with bulimia generally are more prone to use vomiting and/or laxatives for weight control than intense exercise or severe food restriction. This subtype of anorexia is also more likely to be prone of problems with alcohol. This was not true for the women in this study.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A limitation of the study is the small numbers in the eating disorder groups. With a larger series of cases, the small differences in alcohol consumption could be significant.

Shop Until You Drop: The Stigma About Consumerism Essay -- Economics

Introduction Today, people consume for pleasure. The act of consuming goods may allow one to fit in, feel confident, or participate socially in shopping culture. Consumerism has become a universal behaviour amongst most people and groups. According to Sharon Boden, consumption is affected by both external and internal constraints and expectations (150). I argue that consumerism and consumption is no longer an accurate indicator of a person’s actual status and wealth. As a society, we have increased accessibility to commodities and experiences. For example, driving a Mercedes-Benz is no longer a symbol of being wealthy or belonging to the upper class. Leases or loans have brought such luxuries to a broader spectrum of social classes. We see outrageous disparity in wealth everywhere today. Although stereotypes and emphasis on public image are common within this judgement-based society, they do not measure up when it boils down to ‘who is purchasing what.’ This paper analyzes five different scholarly books to determine why consumerism and consumption is no longer an accurate representation of wealth and status. First I will provide a theoretical and historical background on the topic of consumption, then I will discuss the following categories: symbolic indulgence, symbolic deprivation, and finally, the convergence of classes. Research and Discussion The five scholarly books examined are as follows: In Longing and Belonging, Allison Pugh discusses the role of parenting and the effects of consumerism and consumption on children. Foodies, by Baumann and Johnston, discusses how foodie culture falls under the umbrella of both democracy and distinction. Consumerism, Romance and the Wedding Experience by Sharon Boden de... ... with less capital to consume and experience commodities that were historically out of reach. Consumerism and consumption is largely driven by the actions that individuals take each and every day when buying groceries, or going on vacation. References Aspers, Patrik. 2010. Orderly Fashion: A Sociology of Markets, Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press. Boden, Sharon. 2003. Consumerism, Romance and the Wedding Experience, Houndmills, UK: Palgrave Macmillan. Johnston, Josà ©e and Shyon Baumann. 2010. Foodies: Democracy and Distinction in the Gourmet Foodscape, New York: Routledge. Pugh, Allison J. 2009. Longing and Belonging: Parents, Children, and Consumer Culture, Berkeley, CA: University of Berkeley Press. Zukin, Sharon. 2005. Point of Purchase: How Shopping Changed American Culture, New York: Routledge.

Biological Macromolecules

The vast complexity of a single organism, including humans, is attributed to the intricacies found within their bio molecular contents. These contents are the very small, specific pieces that make up everything from the walls of our cells, the shape of the proteins that form functional structures of the cells, or even the basic units that contain the energy required to fuel life. The knowledge of these biomolecules can be used to analyze food contents to allow scientists to manipulate or identify the healthiest foods, to discover new molecules that can be compounded in life saving medications, or to identify disorders in our own molecules that can be corrected. These are among some of the uses knowledge of these bio molecules could provide us. In this experiment, we are going to analyze the content of two different types of substances, a banana and some curry, to identify whether or not they contain starches, sugars, or proteins. This experiment is a very basic test of biomolecular content where identifying agents are mixed with the substances to determine their content. Our hypothesis is that the banana will contain both sugars and starches, but will not contain protein. This hypothesis is supported by the fruit’s sweet taste and starch-like structure, possibly similar to a potato, which, based on prior knowledge, is known to be a ‘starchy-food’. Our hypothesis for curry is less precise. The curry was an original recipe and the ingredients were unknown. Based, however, on the taste and texture alone, in comparison with other known starchy foods, we would hypothesize that it does contain starch. Protein and sugar content, however, are unknown. Specifically, we predict that when added to a banana mixture, the starch and sugar identifiers will react, and when added to a curry mixture, starch identifier will react, but the two other identifiers will be unknown. Specifics of this prediction will be discussed in the next section. Methods –  To perform this study, we first mixed controls based on known substances in order to provide a baseline comparison against our experimental data. We had three identifier solutions known to react in some way to a corresponding biomolecule, and they were pippetted following strict guidelines (see below under â€Å"Pipetting Methods. †) These identifiers were biuret, iodine, and DNSA. We tested these identifiers with solutions known to exclusively contain protein, sugar, and starch, as well as mixing them with pure water to identify what ‘no reaction’ would look like. The test of controls and indicators shows that biuret identifies protein, iodine identifies starches, and DNSA identifies sugar. There are some complications, however, in that DNSA also reacted (however not as strong) with proteins. This means that in substances that biuret indicates protein content, DNSA will show a reaction, regardless of whether or not there is sugar in the solution. The sugar reaction is much greater than protein, but this could still possibly give inconclusive results in anything that contains proteins. Proteins also interact with iodine however at a much different, distinguishable way so as to be less likely to influence our qualitative results. Once our controls were created and the reactions between the biomolecules and their indicators were better understood, the next part of our method involved preparing our experimental. To do this we created three tubes of each experimental substance. We diluted banana mush with water and placed it in three tubes, and diluted the curry and did the same. We then placed in the tube the appropriate amount of indicator solution, observed the results, and compared them with our controls.

As a firm grows the lines of communication are often stretched Essay

As a firm grows the lines of communication are often stretched. To overcome this meetings could be set up to keep people informed. The company’s span of control could be re-emphasised so that workers know whom to report to and who to inform of their orders. A clear structure and hierarchical pyramid will reduce arguments in the short term. Team building exercises are a modern way of improving morale, team spirit and efficiency. They are a long-term measure to keep all managers striving for the same aims and goals for the company as a team. I have been assigned by the company Koka Kola to sort out the problem they have where a new base 50 miles outside of there London head quarters has been built. The problem is the communication between the two bases; I need to find the best way to communicate between the two bases. Business Objectives The Business has objectives it must achieve; the businesses main objective is to set up a new communications system between the London Head Office and the newly built Production Site. The problem with this is that it may clash with another objective, Profit. If the company is to spend money on a new communications system it must make sure that the money spent on the system, staff, marketing etc, does not overshadow the money made by sales and other sources of profit. This, although a big problem could have benefits in the long term. If the money spent on setting up the Communications System is more than the profit made that month. In the months after when the System is set up, the benefits in profit as a result of the it being set up could be far greater than that in past months before it was made and so in the future could eventually be bigger than the amount paid on the Communications System and maybe even the Production Site. This concludes that although the short-term objectives maybe conflicted, the long term must be waited upon in order to reap the benefits. Communication: Communication is the process of passing information from one person to another. Once the target receives the information it is acted upon and feedback is sent to the original sender. An example of communication in business might be a company producing cars. The message might be an advertisement on television telling customers about a new car. The target will be the segment of the market interested in buying a car. The feedback will be the level of sales when the magazine first goes on sale. Communications are important in a business because it keeps the company working on the right track. For example if a marketing director who never asked the customers what they wanted in a product made a set up an advertising scheme on television, the advertisement would be based on the directors interests rather than the views of the customers. The customers wouldn’t be interested and would turn a blind eye. The problem with the business I have been appointed to is that the business is splitting into two bases amongst which people will work who would normally communicate with each other. I have organised an interview with a worker from a local business to find out what methods of communication they use: 1) How many methods of communication do you use in your business?